The Honda Gold Wing is a series of touring motorcycles produced by Honda. It was introduced at the Cologne Motorcycle Show inside October 1974, plus went about with become a prevalent model inside North America, Western Europe plus Australia, plus Japan. Total sales are over 640,000 "Wings," nearly all of them inside the U.S. marketplace.

The Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan involves a Honda Gold Wing GL1000 produced inside 1974 because 1 of their 240 Landmarks of Japanese Automotive Technology. Through 2012, Honda GL models have appeared eighteen instances inside the Cycle World list of Ten Best bicycles.

Over the course of its history, it has had many changes with its shape plus manufacturing. In 1975 it had a 999 cc flat-four engine plus inside 2001 it had a 1,832 cc flat-six. By 2012, the model had a fairing with heating plus an adjustable windscreen, panniers along with a torso, a seatback for pillion rider, satellite navigation plus radio, a six-speaker sound program with MP3 plus iPod connectivity, anti-lock braking, cruise control, electrically assisted reverse gear, plus an optional airbag, none of that were present whenever it was introduced.

Gold Wings were produced inside Marysville, Ohio from 1980 till 2010, whenever motorcycle creation there was clearly halted. Honda states which before the plant shut, enough 2010 model year Goldwings were yielded to satisfy need till creation resumes inside Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan inside 2011, whenever 2012 model year motorcycles is yielded utilizing tooling transported within the aged plant. The 2011 model year wasn't yielded.
In 1972 Honda assembled a shape team with explore concepts for a modern flagship motorcycle, anything Honda R&D had deliberated over since that time the CB750 was introduced. The project leader was Shoichiro Irimajiri, that inside the past decade had crafted Honda’s five- plus six-cylinder Grand Prix motorcycle racing machines plus then aided with all the development of Honda’s auto company. Irimajiri-san was therefore an apt choice with create an amalgamation of disparate technologies—automobile machines plus multi-cylinder race bicycles.

A connected event was the introduction of the CVCC clean-burn car engine at the 1972 Tokyo show. It was Honda's initial liquid-cooled engine with go into production; Honda vehicles plus motorcycles had all been air-cooled about which time. Soichiro Honda wasn't conveniently convinced which liquid-cooling was superior with air-cooled machines nevertheless young technicians eventually prevailed.
Whenever the Gold Wing flat-four with shaft drive debuted inside 1974 it combined technologies from past motorcycle designs, in addition to existing automotive development. The conventional BMW Motorrad design, a wet-sump device construction boxer-twin utilizing shaft final drive, goes back with the R32 model which started manufacturing inside 1923. In 1934 Zündapp chosen the same powertrain design for their K800, stepping about a four-cylinder boxer engine; throughout WWII the K800 was truly the only four-cylinder motorcycle employed by the German armed forces. The 500cc Wooler shape of 1953 improved on the Zündapp by adding overhead valves with its boxer 4 plus back suspension with its tubular frame; though with capital inside brief provide, followed by the death of John Wooler, this ambitious shaft-drive motorcycle not very got off the ground.

In cars, the four-cylinder boxer powerplant goes because far back because the begin of the 20th century; plus inside the early 1970s flat-four motors were being produced by Subaru, Lancia, Alfa Romeo, VW plus Porsche because 4 plus 6 cylinders, plus chosen inside aircraft because the Porsche PFM 3200, engine, plus Citroën. The Citroën engine is great considering it was selected with energy the BFG 1300 touring bicycle, that was equally favored with all the French authorities inside the 1980s.

The Gold Wing was the initially manufacturing motorcycle from Japan which had a four-stroke engine with water cooling however, the Suzuki GT750 with a water-cooled, two-stroke triple, preceded the GL1000 by 4 years. Two-stroke water cooled motors from The Scott Motorcycle Company return at smallest because far because the 1920s.
The main marketplace for the Gold Wing was the possible Long Distance Rider, wanting a motorcycle appropriate with the task. In North America which needed comfort for the extended haul: wind security, smooth ride, comfortable seat, storage for the necessities, plus force inside abundance. The secondary marketplace was with be inside Europe where riders, constrained by frontiers, emphasized performance over deluxe.

In the early 1970s, Americans with an inclination to pay for massive ranges had limited producers with select from: Harley-Davidson, Moto Guzzi plus BMW. The Electra Glide had been a comfortable, high-maintenance plus high-vibration bicycle with fanatically fast riders. Even thus, Harley confronted certain severe competition from Moto Guzzi's then-new 850cc Eldorado.

The BMW was smoother, more reliable, however, because pricey because the Harley plus greater suited with a weekend trip than crossing a continent. Large Japanese bicycles of the time, including the Honda CB750 as well as the Kawasaki Z1 were fairly inexpensive however troubled by vibration, by the requirement for drive chain repair plus by fuel tanks too little for their thirsty machines. The Gold Wing was aimed at a marketplace segment which didn't yet exist: American riders not probably with purchase a Harley or BMW nevertheless whom might open their wallets for an affordable machine providing comfort, stamina, low-maintenance along with a high-torque, smooth, quiet engine. Honda might eventually be very effective inside attracting a unique form of extended distance rider.
GL1000
Gold Wing GL1000 Honda Gold Wing GL1000 1975 Barber.jpg
1975 Honda Gold Wing GL1000
Production 1974—1979
Assembly Japan
Engine 999 cc SOHC flat-four
Bore / stroke 72.0 mm × 61.4 mm
Compression ratio 9.2:1
Power 80 hp @7500 rpm
Torque 63 lb·ft @5500 rpm
Ignition kind Contact breaker
Transmission 5-speed manual
Frame kind Steel full-duplex cradle
Suspension F: Telescopic fork 143 mm travel
R: Swing arm, 86.3 mm travel
Brakes F: Dual discs, single-piston calipers
R: Single disk, opposed 2-piston caliper
Tires F: 3.50 H-19
R: four.50 H-17A
Rake, path 28 degrees/120 mm
Wheelbase 60.6 in
Dimensions L 2,305 mm
Seat height 31.9 in
Weight 584 lb
Fuel capability 19 L

The Project 371 team's final powertrain design became a 1 litre liquid-cooled, horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, SOHC engine, with a gear-driven generator at the back end of the crankshaft. Utilizing gears with drive the generator caused it with angle backwards and therefore with counteract the engine torque response. Cylinder blocks plus crankcase were key, with all the transmission located under the crankcase with keep the device construction engine because compact because potential. Final drive was by shaft.

Production Gold Wings went about sale inside the U.S. plus inside Europe inside 1975, however pre-production GL1000 models were initially revealed with dealers inside September 1974 at American Honda's yearly dealer meeting inside Las Vegas, plus then shown with the public the following month at the IFMA Internationale Fahrrad- und Motorrad-Ausstellung inside Cologne.

Small fairings had been installed about 2 of the manufacturing prototypes for the U.S. dealer show inside Las Vegas. These fairings were crafted by Honda with be available because Hondaline accessories, were expected to be produced inside the U.S. by the Vetter Fairing Company, nevertheless this shape not went into creation due with the accidental destruction of the molds. Consequently, the Gold Wing was born into the planet nude, lacking saddlebags plus having no destination for luggage, without even a windshield. This built a 'golden' chance for accessory producers, along with a marketplace shortly developed providing fairings plus luggage accessories, very the Windjammer series crafted by Craig Vetter.

The authentic GL1000 had an electrical starter supported up with a kick begin lever stored inside a dummy gas tank, that equally housed the radiator expansion tank, electric components, plus the air filter providing 4 Keihin 32 mm CV carburetors. The real gas tank was below the seat, inside purchase with keep the center of mass because low because potential. The bicycle had a dry fat of 584 pounds along with a retail cost of US $2,900. 13,000 Gold Wings were available inside the United States inside 1975.

There were no substantial changes inside the standard Gold Wing for 1976 though the cost improved somewhat with $2,960. To mark the United States Bicentennial year Honda announced the GL1000 LTD with distinctive insignia plus color scheme and several additional amenities. The LTD had been a genuine limited edition with manufacturing limited with regarding 3,400 units, plus with an upscale cost of $3,295.

In the 3rd model year Honda started refining the Gold Wing, though the changes for 1977 were tiny, including exhaust pipe heat shields, revised seat plus handlebar, and a brand-new gas gauge. Weight increased with 595 pounds as well as the cost rose with $2,938. The motorcycle division of Honda UK yielded 52 Executive GL1000 K1 bicycles by adding premium accessories with 1977 Gold Wings plus marketing them for £2300.
1979 GL1000 with Windjammer fairing found on the Bonneville Salt Flats

The engine was modified inside 1978 for the GL1000 K3 model, inside purchase with create more torque accessible at lower engine speeds; the carburetors were reduced inside size by 1 mm, the exhaust program was redsigned, valve timing plus ignition timing were changed. The kick-start device was removed within the engine, along with a reserve light component for the headlight plus taillight was removed within the electrics. A small instrument panel appeared over a restyled dummy gas tank. Wire-spoke wheels were changed with Honda's fresh ComStar wheels, yet the existing wheels with inside tubes stayed. Dry fat grew with 601 pounds as well as the marketing cost went as much as $3,200.

1979 marked the finish of GL1000 development with all the K4 model. Dry fat improved somewhat with 604 pounds as well as the marketing cost jumped with $3,700 for the last Gold Wing with be driven with a 1 liter engine. There were just minor changes for this model year, except for the ComStar wheels; brand-new ComStars had stronger steel spokes about aluminum rims rather of the authentic aluminum spoked wheels which precipitated a 1997 remember. During the final run of the GL1000 inside 1979, Hondaline saddlebags plus torso were accessible, yet Honda nonetheless didn't provide a fairing.

Honda available over 97,000 units of the GL1000 inside the United States between 1975 plus 1979.
After five years of the GL1000, the second-generation Gold Wing was introduced inside 1979 because a 1980 model, as well as the GL1100 will be continued from the 1983 model year. The GL1100 was produced inside Japan till May 1980 whenever Honda began building 1981 models at the Marysville Motorcycle Plant inside Ohio. Gold Wings will be built at a rate of 150 units a day for the years 1981-1983. Engines were nevertheless being integrated Japan, yet Honda started with market the machine to be produced inside America.

The Gold Wing confronted competition from Japan inside the shape of the Suzuki GS1000 with an inline-four engine, plus particularly inside the Kawasaki Z1300 which had a huge DOHC 1300cc straight-six engine with water cooling. Honda responded by improving the displacement of the Gold Wing, plus then followed-up by announcing the initial Japanese full-dress tourer. The brand-new engine was over only a GL1000 with a 3 mm greater bore, the changes clearly emphasized torque over horsepower. The cylinder heads were modified with better combustion at low plus center engine speeds, transmission gear ratios were changed as well as the final drive ratio shortened with create more torque accessible at highway speeds. The bore size for all 4 carburetors was again reduced by 1 mm, with 20 mm.

The wheelbase was lengthened over which of the GL1000, plus air suspension was added. The GL1100 had an adjustable seat, as well as for the very first time utilized tubeless wheels, installed about black reverse ComStar wheels. The nude Gold Wing, that might become termed as the Standard model, weighed 589 pounds dry plus available for US $3,800. In spite of the truth which here were just minor changes with distinguish the GL1100 '81 edition within the past year, the cost went as much as $4,100.

All the 1982 Gold Wings had transmission ratios revised with lower engine rpm at sailing speeds, new brakes with twin-piston calipers plus wider wheels about small wheels. Dry fat for the GL1100 '82 was 595 pounds as well as the cost was $4,250.

Transmission gear ratios were revised yet again for the 1983 Gold Wings with reduce engine speed found on the highway. However the immense changes were to not the engine, they were with the running gear inside this last year for GL1100s. Cast aluminum eleven-spoke wheels changed the ComStars. The front suspension was endowed with TRAC anti-dive forks with an integrated fork brace, as well as the back suspension worked even without air stress. Honda's initially combined braking program, dubbed Unified Braking at the time, debuted inside 1983; it involved both front plus back brakes inside unison whenever the brake pedal was used. Dry fat for the standard GL1100 inched as much as 599 pounds as well as the cost crept about $4,300.
In 1983 Honda was facing a challenge on the market from a brand-new full-dress tourer, the Yamaha Venture XVZ 1200 with its DOHC 4 valve per cylinder V4 engine. Honda hit back at the Milan motorcycle show late which year by announcing a new 1984 Gold Wing which forced its four-cylinder engine shape with its limits. The bored plus stroked boxer yielded more force plus torque; a modern final drive ratio gave the GL1200 taller gearing inside purchase with lower sound plus vibration. The 4 Keihin 32 mm CV carburetors were heavier than those found on the GL1100 engine, found on the additional hand, they were the same size because the '75-'76 GL1000 carbs. Incorporating hydraulic actuation for the clutch, inside addition with hydraulic tappets for the valves, prepared the fresh engine almost maintenance-free. In purchase with result in the Gold Wing more nimble, front plus back wheel diameters contracted another time. The GL1200 was built about a new, stronger frame plus despite all of the improvements, the reported dry fat of the nude bicycle stayed unchanged at 599 pounds, plus it was priced at $4,800 for the 1984 model year.

1984 was the 1 plus just year for the GL1200 Standard because sales had reduced inside prefer of the Interstate plus Aspencade models. This led to the decline of aftermarket producers like the Vetter Fairing Company.

The GL1200's competitors were becoming more many. Last of the big Japanese producers with do thus, Suzuki finally entered the market inside 1985 with their full-dress tourer, the GV1400 Cavalcade with a DOHC, 4 valves per cylinder, V4 engine. In 1986 Yamaha enlarged the Venture's V4 engine with 1300cc, plus Kawasaki introduced the ZG 1200 Voyager XII with a four-valve, DOHC, Inline-four engine.

With 3 versions of the Gold Wing boxer engine spanning a dozen years, by 1987 further development of the flat-four engine was considered being constrained by the law of diminishing returns. Piston displacement had been improved twice to create more torque, nevertheless this moreover produced every force stroke more intense. During the same time period, gear ratios had been raised with decrease engine RPM which produced pulses from the drivetrain appear rougher with the rider considering firing intervals were farther aside. The apparent method to deliver force more smoothly was with step up from 4 cylinders with six.
A motorcycle frame involves the head tube which holds the front fork plus enables it with pivot. Many motorcycles include the engine because a load-bearing, stressed associate. The back suspension is an key component inside the shape. Traditionally frames were steel, however, titanium, aluminium, magnesium, plus carbon-fibre, together with composites of these contents, are today chosen. Because of different motorcycles' differing demands of expense, complexity, fat distribution, stiffness, force output plus speed, there is not a single best frame shape.
The Honda CBR600F, termed as the 'Hurricane' inside the US marketplace, is a sports motorcycle produced by Honda from 1987 with 1990. In Austria plus Mexico, a small variation, the CBR500F was advertised. In 2011, Honda introduced an all-new model of the same name. The authentic CBR600F was Honda's initial inline four-cylinder, totally faired sport bicycle. It had a liquid-cooled 85 hp DOHC 16-valve engine, along with a six-speed transmission. The Honda Hurricane was introduced because the latest fashion of sport bicycle.
The Honda CBR600 F2 had been a motorcycle prepared by Honda from 1991 with 1994. It was introduced with substitute the CBR600 Hurricane, or F1, plus was considered 1 of Honda's many contemporary plus innovative sport bicycles whenever it was introduced. Development of the next generation CBR started inside early 1989. Hurricane LPL Ishikawa might lead the development of the unique bicycle, acknowledged internally because MV9, nevertheless that was also known as the F2, an alphanumeric which might become its official name: CBR600F2.

The F2's development started with meetings with discuss concepts plus sketches for the modern bicycle. A limited months later, an F2 prototype was yielded. Painted black, the meaner-looking bicycle was quicker plus sleeker hunting than the more blocky initially generation bicycle. Whenever tested, the F2 results were incredible. The bicycle struck a balance which no alternative bicycle at the time can achieve. Few motorcycles inside the 1990s had the performance ability of the F2, as well as the model remains generally ridden about streets plus racetracks all over the world.
A clutch is a mechanical device which engages plus disengages the force transmission, incredibly from driving shaft with driven shaft.

Clutches are utilized whenever the transmission of force or motion should be controlled either inside amount or over time.

In the easiest application, clutches connect plus disconnect 2 rotating shafts. In these equipment, 1 shaft is usually connected with a engine or different energy device whilst the different shaft offers output force for function. While usually the motions associated are rotary, linear clutches are equally potential.

In a torque-controlled drill, by way of example, 1 shaft is driven with a engine as well as the additional forces a drill chuck. The clutch links the 2 shafts so they can be secured together plus angle at the same speed, secured together yet spinning at different speeds, or unlocked plus spinning at different speeds.
The wide most of clutches eventually depend about frictional forces for their surgery. The cause of friction clutches is with connect a moving associate with another which is moving at a different speed or stationary, frequently with synchronize the speeds, and/or with transfer force. Usually, because small slippage because potential involving the 2 members is desired.

Materials

Various components have been chosen for the disc-friction facings, including asbestos inside the past. Modern clutches usually utilize a substance natural resin with copper cable facing or perhaps a ceramic information. A typical coefficient of friction employed about a friction disk surface is 0.35 for natural plus 0.25 for ceramic. Ceramic components are usually selected inside thick applications like racing or heavy-duty hauling, though the harder ceramic contents heighten flywheel plus stress plate wear.

Push/Pull

Friction-disc clutches mostly are categorized because drive kind or pull kind depending found on the place of the stress plate fulcrum points. In a pull-type clutch, the action of pressing the pedal pulls the launch bearing, pulling found on the diaphragm spring plus disengaging the car drive. The opposite is true with a drive kind, the launch bearing is forced into the clutch disengaging the car drive. In this example, the launch bearing is recognised as a push bearing.

Dampers

A clutch damper is a device which softens the reaction of the clutch engagement/disengagement. In automotive applications, this might be usually offered with a device inside the clutch disk centres. Additionally with the damped disk centres, that decrease driveline vibration, pre-dampers can be employed with lower gear rattle at idle by changing the all-natural frequency of the disk. These weaker springs are compressed only by the radial vibrations of a idling engine. These are generally completely compressed plus no longer used once the key damper springs take up drive.