The Toyota Camry is a series of mid-size vehicles produced by Toyota because 1982, plus available inside most automotive markets throughout the planet. Between 1980 plus 1982, the "Camry" nameplate was delegated with a four-door sedan, termed as the Toyota Celica Camry.

The name "Camry" is an Anglicized phonetic transcription of the Japanese word kanmuri, meaning "crown". This follows Toyota's naming custom of utilizing the crown name for main models beginning with all the Toyota Crown inside 1955, continuing with all the Toyota Corona plus Corolla; the Latin words for "crown" plus "little crown", respectively. In Japan, it's exclusive with Toyota Corolla Store retail dealerships.

As of May 2012, the Camry is the best-selling passenger vehicle inside North America. The Camry furthermore sells well inside Australia, along with a amount of Asian markets. Despite global achievement, the Camry has not available too inside its house marketplace Japan, or inside Europe, where sales ended inside 2004. For the East plus Southeast Asian markets, high-specification Camry models are enjoyed because executive vehicles. Because the XV30 series, the Camrys available inside these markets have sported revised front- plus rear-end treatment. For the 2006 onwards XV40 variation, the same was completed, though the Australian-designed plus Camry-derived Toyota Aurion was the donor model. The Aurion qualities revised front- plus rear-end styling plus changes with the interior, yet has the same powertrains because the Camry inside numerous markets.

Toyota's Camry originated inside January 1980 because a four-door sedan approximate with the Toyota Celica coupe plus liftback. Known because the "Celica Camry" plus available just inside Japan at Toyota Corolla Store retail dealerships, the four-door shared limited components with all the model from that its name derives. Instead, Toyota elongated the front-end of the Carina, incorporating styling cues with resemble the 1978–1981 Celica XX.
Further information: Toyota Celica Camry

Camry became an independent model line inside 1982 with all the V10 series, obtainable in four-door sedan plus five-door liftback body designs. At this point, Camry, today an global model line, was placed above the Carina plus Corona, 2 different similar-sized cars produced by Toyota at the time. The Camry V10 furthermore spawned a badge designed similar, the Vista V10, a more luxurious adaptation of the Camry available inside the Japanese marketplace.

The Camry V20 model debuted inside 1986, following much the same formula because its predecessor. Although the liftback body variant was substituted with a station wagon, the Vista derivative continued. Whenever Toyota changed the V20 inside 1990 with all the V30, the model series was exclusive with Japan. Automotive taxes laws because nation dictated the retention of the narrower body because used inside the past Camry decades. But, overseas need for a heavier Camry lead to the development of the "wide-body" XV10 model, introduced with North America inside 1991. Japan additionally received this wider model, though it was available beneath the "Toyota Scepter" name there.

The Japanese marketplace received a fresh narrow-body V40 series Camry inside 1994 with substitute V30, yet the wide-body XV10 Camry continued unchanged. The XV10 substitution, the XV20 Camry, arrived inside 1996. This new model ceased the era of separate Camrys—a international Camry—and a small Japanese-only variation. In Japan, the small Vista V50 took up the previous V40 Camry part following 1998.

Introduced inside 1982, the Camry V10 was available because a compact four-door sedan plus five-door liftback. Unlike the preceding Celica Camry, the V10 series Camry was exported inside substantial numbers. In the Toyota hierarchy, the Camry was located above the comparably sized Toyota Carina plus Corona. A twin was announced at this point—the Toyota Vista—a very specified Camry derivative model available by separate Toyota Vista Store dealerships inside Japan.

The shape of the first-generation Camry fit perfectly in the box-shaped styles of the early 1980s. Additionally, the car size plus accessible choices were characteristic of Japanese-designed vehicles of the time; the Camry had been a compact sedan, with a strong yet spartan construction plus competed indirectly against greater American counterparts. The Camry signified a brand-new approach from Toyota, building a Corona-sized car, when introducing a front-engine, plus front wheel drive powertrain, that was furthermore used inside alternative small Toyota treatments.
1986 Toyota Camry liftback

In North America, the Camry was accessible with a 68-kilowatt 2.0-liter 2S-ELC engine, 1.8-liter 1C-TLC or perhaps a 2.0-liter 2C-TLC turbodiesel engine rated at 55 kilowatts. Either a four-door sedan or five-door liftback body design may be specified, plus can be bought with either a five-speed guide transmission or perhaps a four-speed A140E automatic. On the other hand with the rear-wheel drive Celica Camry, the Toyota Camry had been a front-wheel drive car built about an all-new platform.

North American-bound V10 Camrys were obtainable in DX plus LE trim degrees. LE models included extra standard attributes including body-colored bumpers, tachometer, upgraded stereo, energy mirrors, varying intermittent wipers, et cetera. A minor model update inside 1985 included hot headlights, taillight update, fresh gauge fonts, somewhat bigger front seats, plus greater center glove box. The cruise control switchgear about models prepared as a result were relocated within the dash with the wiper stalk. DX trim tire size equally improved from 165 with 185 millimetres, the same width because the LE trim.

In Australia, the Camry range was limited with a single-grade GLi liftback variant. The sole powertrain available was the petrol-fueled 2.0-liter combined with a five-speed guide or four-speed automatic transmission.

The UK, plus much of Continental Europe got the sedan plus liftback versions: these were obtainable in 1.8-liter GLi or 2.0-liter GLi trim degrees. A 2.0-liter GLD turbodiesel was additionally available.
The 2nd Camry model premiered inside 1986, this time including a four-door hardtop plus five-door station wagon, whilst dropping the liftback body fashion. The hardtop variation was available just inside the Japanese marketplace below the "Camry Prominent" name. Like the past V10 model, there was clearly again a parallel model for the house marketplace, the Vista V20. The Vista was available inside the sedan plus hardtop designs, with all the hardtop forming the basis for the Lexus ES 250 available inside North America from 1989 from with 1991.
1987–1990 Toyota Camry Prominent hardtop

In 1988, an all-wheel drive program dubbed All-Trac was introduced along with a 2.5-liter 118 kW V6 engine were added because choices for the very first time. The V6 was fuel-injected with 24 valves, plus double overhead camshafts, much like the upgraded 96 kW JIS four-cylinder engine. In Japan there was clearly a GT model utilizing the elder 3S-GE engine because chosen found on the Celica. This model equally had a factory strut brace synonymous with an AE92 Corolla plus rode found on the V6 model's 15 inch alloy wheels. This model additionally had an electronic instrument cluster.

In 1987, Toyota Australia started producing these second-generation Camrys inside Port Melbourne, Victoria. In truth, it was the initially Camry ever prepared outside of Japan. A 1.8-liter four-cylinder engine rated at 64 kW was standard found on the base model, when a twin-cam, multi-valve 2.0-liter inline-four engine plus five-speed guide transmission was accessible about all others. A four-speed overdrive automatic was produced optional. All models bar the Ultima had a two-barrel carburettor adaptation of the engine; the Ultima showcased an electronic fuel-injected variation of the same. The base engine yielded 82 kilowatts plus 166 newton metres of torque, with 88 kilowatts plus 171 newton metres for the EFI variation. In 1988, a 2.5-liter V6 was introduced. The V6 sat the top of the range, plus was truly the only model with be imported from Japan. Due with its positioning inside the line-up, as well as the significant import duty it attracted, it was rather pricey, plus just available inside tiny numbers. In 1989, the 1.8-liter engine was dropped, plus was changed with all the 2.0-liter carbureted engine, till early 1991, whenever the EFI variation of was produced standard. This was the happen of the introduction of more stringent emission guidelines inside Australia.

Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky, the initial wholly owned US Toyota plant, started producing the Camry inside 1988, where 3 trim degrees of the second-generation Camry were made: the unbadged base model, the DX, as well as the LE. The nation of manufacture is found by lookin at the initially character of the VIN. A Camry produced inside Japan has a VIN beginning with "J", a model prepared inside the US begins with "4" along with a model prepared inside Australia begins with "6".

The 2.5-liter engine plus Camry chassis was repackaged because the upscale Lexus ES 250. The ES 250 was basically the Japanese-market Camry hardtop. In 1991, anti-lock brakes became optional found on the V6, LE, plus station wagon models.


The Camry V30 was introduced only with the Japanese marketplace inside July 1990. A widened variation of the model, the Camry XV10 was moreover yielded, that was crafted for global markets. The V30 was largely identical with the wider XV10 except for the front- plus rear-end styling with an otherwise unchanged body. The V30 stayed small than the XV10 to provide Japanese customers a sedan that has been inside Japanese laws concerning outdoor dimensions plus engine displacement. The V30 joined the Toyota Corona inside this respect. Like before, a Japanese market-only Vista adaptation of the Camry was equally available inside both sedan plus hardtop body variants. The Camry hardtop was again available below the "Camry Prominent" title.

After 1991, a four-wheel steering variation of the V30 Camry was available with a 2.0-liter V6 engine, with all the name "Toyota Camry V6 Prominent 4WS", plus chassis code E-VZV31.

An up-to-date model appeared inside July 1992. The range of changes ranged from a hot, heavier grille along with a revised air conditioner device. At the same time the ZX touring package appeared inside area of GT.

The internal combustion engine is an engine inside that the combustion of the gas happens with an oxidizer inside a combustion room which is an key piece of the functioning fluid flow circuit. In an internal combustion engine the expansion of the high-temperature plus high-pressure gases yielded by combustion apply direct force with several component of the engine. The force is used usually with pistons, turbine blades, or perhaps a nozzle. This force moves the component over a distance, modifying chemical stamina into helpful mechanical power. The initial commercially lucrative internal combustion engine was produced by Étienne Lenoir.

The expression internal combustion engine generally pertains with an engine inside that combustion is intermittent, including the more familiar four-stroke plus two-stroke piston machines, together with variants, like the six-stroke piston engine as well as the Wankel rotary engine. A second class of internal combustion machines utilize continuous combustion: fuel turbines, jet machines plus many rocket machines, every of that are internal combustion motors found on the same principle because earlier described.

The ICE is very different from exterior combustion machines, like steam or Stirling machines, inside that the power is delivered with a functioning fluid not consisting of, mixed with, or contaminated by combustion items. Working fluids is air, hot water, pressurized water or fluid sodium, heated inside some sort of boiler. ICEs are driven by energy-dense fuels like gasoline or diesel, liquids produced from fossil fuels. While there are numerous stationary applications, many ICEs are utilized inside mobile applications plus are the dominant energy provide for vehicles, aircraft, plus vessels.

As their name signifies, four-stroke internal combustion motors have 4 standard methods which repeat with each 2 revolutions of the engine:

Intake/suction stroke Compression stroke Power/expansion stroke plus Exhaust stroke

1. Intake stroke: The initially stroke of the internal combustion engine is sometimes known because the suction stroke considering the piston moves with the maximum amount position. The inlet valve opens because a happen of the cam lobe pressing down found on the valve stem, as well as the vaporized gas mixture enters the combustion room. The inlet valve closes at the finish of the stroke.

2. Compression stroke: In this stroke, both valves are shut as well as the piston begins its movement with the minimal amount position plus compresses the gas mixture. During the compression task, stress, temperature as well as the density of the gas mixture increases.

3. A Power stroke: Whenever the piston reaches a point before top dead center, the spark connect ignites the gas mixture. The point where the gas ignites varies by engine; usually it really is regarding 10 levels before top dead center. This expansion of gases caused by ignition of the gas produces the force which is sent with the crank shaft device.

4. Exhaust stroke: In the finish of the energy stroke, the exhaust valve opens. During this stroke, the piston begins its movement inside the maximum amount position. The open exhaust valve enables the exhaust gases with escape the cylinder. At the finish of the stroke, the exhaust valve closes, the inlet valve opens, as well as the sequence repeats inside the upcoming cycle. Four-stroke machines need 2 revolutions.

Many machines overlap these methods inside time; turbine machines do all methods simultaneously at different components of the machines.

All internal combustion motors rely about combustion of the chemical gas, usually with oxygen within the air. The combustion task usually results inside the creation of the excellent number of heat, and also the creation of steam plus carbon dioxide plus alternative chemicals at high temperature; the temperature reached is determined by the chemical create up of the gas plus oxidisers, in addition to by the compression plus additional factors.

The most commonly known contemporary fuels are produced up of hydrocarbons plus are produced largely from fossil fuels. Fossil fuels include diesel gas, gasoline plus petroleum fuel, as well as the rarer utilize of propane. Except for the gas delivery components, many internal combustion motors which are made for gasoline utilize could run about all-natural fuel or liquefied petroleum gases without main modifications. Large diesels will run with air mixed with gases along with a pilot diesel gas ignition injection. Liquid plus gaseous biofuels, including ethanol plus biodiesel, will furthermore be employed. Engines with appropriate modifications may additionally run about hydrogen fuel, lumber fuel, or charcoal fuel, and also from so-called manufacturer fuel made of additional advantageous biomass. Recently, experiments have been created with utilizing powdered strong fuels, including the magnesium injection cycle.

Internal combustion machines need ignition of the mixture, either by spark ignition or compression ignition. Before the innovation of reliable electric techniques, hot tube plus flame techniques were employed. Experimental machines with laser ignition have been built.

Gasoline Ignition Process

Gasoline engine ignition systems usually depend about a mixture of a lead–acid power plus an induction coil with give a high-voltage electrical spark with ignite the air-fuel blend inside the engine's cylinders. This power is recharged throughout surgery utilizing an electricity-generating device like an alternator or generator driven by the engine. Gasoline motors take inside a mixture of air plus gasoline plus compress it not to over 12.8 bar, then utilize a spark connect with ignite the mixture whenever it's compressed by the piston head inside every cylinder.

While gasoline internal combustion machines are much simpler with commence inside cold weather than diesel motors, they may nonetheless have cold weather beginning difficulties beneath extreme conditions. For years the answer was with park the auto inside heated regions. In certain components of the globe the oil was really drained plus heated over evening plus returned with the engine for cold begins. In the early 1950s the gasoline Gasifier device was developed, where piece about cold weather begins raw gasoline was diverted with the device where element of the fuel was burnt causing the alternative piece with become a hot vapor transferred straight with the consumption valve manifold. This device was very common until electrical engine block heaters became standard about gasoline machines available inside cold climates.


Diesel machines plus HCCI machines, depend only about heat plus stress produced by the engine inside its compression task for ignition. The compression level which happens is commonly twice or even more than a gasoline engine. Diesel machines take inside air just, plus soon before peak compression, spray a tiny amount of diesel gas into the cylinder through a gas injector which enables the gas with immediately ignite. HCCI kind machines take inside both air plus gas, nevertheless continue with depend about an unaided auto-combustion task, due with high pressures plus heat. This really is furthermore why diesel plus HCCI machines are more susceptible with cold-starting issues, though they run only also inside cold weather when began. Light duty diesel machines with indirect injection inside cars plus light pickups employ glowplugs which pre-heat the combustion room before beginning with lessen no-start conditions inside cold weather. Most diesels have a power plus charging system; nevertheless, this program is secondary plus is added by producers because a deluxe for the ease of beginning, turning gas about plus off, as well as for running auxiliary electric components plus accessories. Many fresh machines depend about electric plus electronic engine control units which equally change the combustion task with strengthen efficiency plus lessen emissions.


The Toyota Camry XV10 is a mid-size auto that has been yielded by Toyota between 1991 plus 1996 inside Japan plus North America, plus 1993 plus 1997 inside Australia. The XV10 series represented the 3rd generation of the Toyota Camry in every markets outside of Japan, that followed a different generational lineage. The XV10 Camry range is split into different model codes indicative of the engine. Four-cylinder models use the SXV20/SDV10 codes, with VCV10 designating the six-cylinder versions, plus MCV10 the later six-cylinder vehicles inside North America just.

In its house marketplace of Japan, the XV10 Camry iteration was recognised as the Toyota Scepter. This was due with the Camry name being adopted with a small adaptation of the same vehicle inside Japan, synonymous inside size the past generation compact-sized Camry available worldwide.

In Australia, the 3rd generation Camry was available below 3 names. Along with all the Camry itself, a adaptation badged because the Holden Apollo was furthermore available because a outcome of the model sharing arrangement between GM Holden plus Toyota at the time. Toyota from 1995 onwards, moreover started badging the six-cylinder versions of the Camry because the Toyota Vienta inside the Australian-market

In 1990, Toyota changed the compact V20 Camry with an all-new V30 series exclusive with Japan. While marginally bigger than the V20, the V30 had with comply with Japanese taxes legislation. To meet the "quantity five" compact auto taxes bracket, the Camry V30 had with follow the 1,700-millimetre width plus 4,700-millimetre size limit. Especially inside the United States, this narrower model wouldn't generate enough sales, because proven by its V20 Camry forerunner. Concurrently, the "wide-body" Camry was tailored inside 1989. Introduced with North America about September 9, 1991, the XV10 Camry was available alongside the V30 inside Japan, badged because the Toyota Scepter. Toyota selected the name "Scepter" because a reference with the Camry/Crown naming custom, because a "scepter" is a symbolic ornamental staff held with a ruling monarch, a prominent item of regal regalia.

The small V30 Camry varied inside additional regions besides the size and style. Although the underpinnings, doorways plus fenders, plus total simple shape cues were widespread between your 2 vehicles, the small Camry sported harder, more angular front- plus rear-end styling treatment, with all the wide-body model presenting a more curvaceous silhouette. This had been a departure within the V20 generation Camry that, though had more rounded panels than the V10 series, was nevertheless mostly slab-sided fit.

The XV10 is considered the initial Camry with break into the mid-size auto marketplace, the marketplace Toyota billed because "world-sized". At the same time, the when subcompact Corolla was moved with the compact class, as well as the Camry moved with the mid-size class. This Scepter model marked the transition away from a small car into a bigger, more luxurious family automobile. The initially XV10 Camry rolled off the Georgetown, Kentucky plant about Tuesday, September 3, 1991 as well as the last inside 1996.

The Japanese marketplace received a fresh V40 series Camry inside 1994, but the XV10 lived about till 1996, before being changed by the XV20 Camry. When the Japan-only V40 Camry ended manufacturing inside 1998, this marked the cessation of separate Camrys—a international Camry—and a small Japanese domestic marketplace adaptation. In Japan following 1998, the small Vista V50 took up the previous V40 Camry.

In late 1991, development found on the XV20 commenced, shape function was completed inside 1994 plus later established inside the United States inside September 1996 plus Japan inside December 1996. It continued because a sedan plus station wagon, though the latter model wasn't available inside the United States. This generation was established inside the US for the 1997 model year.

In August 1999 for the 2000 model year, the sedan models received a mid-model upgrade with the front plus back fascias, yet stayed otherwise synonymous with the 1997 with 1999 models.

In the United States, the Camry SE was dropped as well as the base model was renamed the CE for the 1997 model year. Both the LE as well as the XLE trims were carried over within the past series. All trim degrees were accessible with either the 2.2-liter I4 or the 3.0-liter V6 engine except the Solara SLE, that was just accessible with all the V6. TRD available a supercharger kit for 1997 from with 2000 V6 models raising force with 247 horsepower plus 242 pound-feet of torque. A coupe was added inside 1999, plus then a convertible shape inside 2000. On the other hand with the coupe within the XV10 generation Camrys, the fresh two-door vehicles were provided a separate nameplate Camry Solara, or Solara. They were also a immense styling departure within the sedan. The Solara was obtainable in SE plus SLE trims, related approximately with the sedan's LE plus XLE trims.

Power was improved somewhat with 133 hp SAE for the 5S-FE 2.2 L I4 plus 192 hp SAE for the 1MZ-FE V6. Manual transmissions were just accessible found on the CE trim level, LE V6, plus any Solara model. Camrys plus Solaras built with the 5S-FE 4 cylinder engine plus appropriate trim package received the S51 guide transmission, when those loaded with the 1MZ-FE 6 cylinder engine received the E153 guide transmission.

The Toyota Camry XV30 is a mid-size automobile which was yielded by Toyota between 2001 plus 2006. The XV30 series represented the fifth generation of the Toyota Camry in every markets outside of Japan, that followed a different generational lineage. The XV30 Camry range is split into different model codes indicative of the engine. Four-cylinder models use the ACV30 plus ACV35 codes, with MCV30 plus MCV31 designating the six-cylinder versions.

In September 2001, the 2002 model year Toyota Camry was introduced because a heavier sedan just, nevertheless without a station wagon for the first-time. Due with station wagons losing recognition with minivans plus crossover SUVs, the Camry wagon was changed by the Sienna minivan as well as the Highlander SUV, both cars using the Camry's platform.

In Australia plus New Zealand, the 2002 with 2006 Camry is obtainable in five different trims: the Altise, Ateva, Sportivo, Grande, plus Azura. The Altise, Ateva, plus Sportivo are accessible with either the 2.4 L four-cylinder or the 3.0 L V6 engine, while the Grande plus Azura were just accessible with all the V6. Just the Altise plus Sportivo models might be fitted with a manual transmission — all alternative models are built with a four-speed automatic transmission. In 2003, the V6-powered Altise Sport model was introduced, that is basically the Altise model with all the sports suspension which was fitted found on the Sportivo plus Azura models plus was obtainable in guide plus automatic transmission. The Australian plus New Zealand Camry Sportivo corresponds about with the American Camry SE.
2002–2004 Toyota Camry Altise
2004–2006 Toyota Camry Sportivo
2002–2004 Toyota Camry Altise sedan
2004–2006 Toyota Camry Altise
2003 Toyota Camry Sportivo

The Australian plus New Zealand models were greatly different within the alternative Camry models all over the world plus had about 77% nearby developed components with suit Australian plus New Zealand roads plus driving conditions. The brakes, body panels, headlights, seats, radio antenna plus suspension were all nearby developed following 10,000 km of extensive testing inside New Zealand beneath the guidance of Toyota designers. Power output found on the Altise Sport, V6 Sportivo plus Azura models was 145 kW compared with all the 141 kW of the standard V6 models due with a high-flow back muffler.

Whenever the revised range was established inside Australia plus New Zealand inside September 2004, the Grande model was reintroduced that, together with all the Azura model, were the top-of-the-range models. The Grande nonetheless was fitted with all the standard suspension instead of the sports suspension because fitted found on the Azura model. The Grande plus Azura models have Satellite Navigation because standard equipment, plus were the initial Toyota models inside Australia with be fitted with all the hot Toyota Link program. The Toyota Link program is a state-of-the-art satellite plus mobile SMS GSM communications program which offers the driver access with roadside assistance plus emergency aid through the electrochromatic back see mirror. In August 2005 the Altise Sport model was reintroduced together with Altise Limited which has more qualities. The Ateva model had an inside upgrade with leather trim plus back passenger air conditioner vents. The Altise was repositioned because a fleet model as well as the guide transmission was no longer accessible about V6 Sportivo models from January 2006 manufacturing. Automatic Camrys inside Australia nevertheless utilized the dated four-speed considering it retained the 3.0 V6 engine.

A amount of milestones were attained with this generation's Camry inside Australia. The 1 millionth Camry integrated Australia plus 10 millionth Camry internationally rolled off the manufacturing line at Altona inside September 2004. In May 2006 Toyota Australia exported the 500,000th Camry with New Zealand, inside recognition of the relationship between Toyota Australia plus Toyota New Zealand. More than 90% of Australian Camry exports are left-hand drive cars with Middle East nations including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, as well as the United Arab Emirates. The overseas need for the Australian-made Camry remains running at record degrees, inspite of the launch of a all-new model inside August 2006.